Volcano and earthquake activity in Iceland
Starting yesterday (22-February-2019) and ending today (23-February-2019) a swarm of earthquake happened north-east of Geysir volcano. This was not a large earthquake swarm with only around 24 earthquakes.
Earthquake activity north-east of Geysir volcano. Copyright of this image belongs to Icelandic Met Office.
Largest earthquakes in this swarm had a magnitude of 2,4. Other earthquake were smaller in magnitude.
Today (20-February-2019) there has been a minor earthquake swarm in Tungnafellsjökull volcano. Largest earthquake in this swarm had a magnitude of 1,2 and other earthquakes where smaller in magnitude. Total of five earthquakes were detected.
The earthquake activity in Tungnafellsjökull volcano (north-east of Bárðarbunga volcano). Copyright of this image belongs to Icelandic Met Office.
It is unclear why this earthquake activity is happening. There is possible that some dyke intrusion is happening in the volcano but evidence remain unclear. This might also be crustal adjustment after Bárðarbunga volcano eruption in 2014 to 2015. I don’t think anything more is going to happen besides earthquake activity. Last eruptions happened sometimes 10.000 to 12.000 years ago and those are uncertain.
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Yesterday (18-February-2019) a earthquake swarm took place in Katla volcano. This is the first earthquake swarm in Katla volcano for a long time and it is unusual how early this activity starts.
Earthquake swarm in Katla volcano. Copyright of this image belongs to Icelandic Met Office.
Largest earthquake in this swarm had a magnitude of 3,0 and other earthquakes in this swarm were smaller in magnitude. Total of ten earthquakes took place in this swarm. This earthquake activity now seems to be over.
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Today (6-February-2019) a earthquake swarm started in Reykanes volcano on Reykjanes peninsula. Last documented eruption in this volcano took place in the year 1926 according to Global Volcanism Program. It was most likely out in the ocean far from the coastline and lasted only for five days
Earthquake swarm in Reykjanes volcano system on Reykjanes peninsula. Copyright of this image belongs to Icelandic Met Office.
Largest earthquake in this swarm had a magnitude 2,8 and the second largest earthquake in this swarm had a magnitude of 2,6. Other earthquakes in this swarm have been smaller in magnitude.
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During the night of 4-February-2019 a earthquake with the magnitude of 2,6 took place in Öræfajökull volcano. This earthquake was the start of an earthquake swarm that is currently ongoing.
Earthquake activity in Öræfajökull volcano. Copyright of this image belongs to Icelandic Met Office.
This is normal pattern for Öræfajökull volcano in recent months. Rate of earthquake activity in Öræfajökull volcano appears to continue to be going up. This means that injection of magma into Öræfajökull volcano continues at what appears to be at similar rate as before.
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During early morning of 2-January-2019 a strong earthquake swarm took place south of Jan Manyen (Norway) or about 350 km north of Kolbeinsey island. I don’t know if there are any volcanoes in this area, but it is possible. This might also just be tectonic earthquake swarm. Largest earthquake in this swarm had a magnitude of 5,0 (EMSC information here). Second largest earthquake in this swarm had a magnitude of 4,6 (EMSC information here). Up to ten earthquakes with magnitude between 4,3 to 5,0 took place in this swarm. Icelandic Met Office has listed ten earthquakes on their map, the magnitude is not correct on their map due to distance from the SIL network.
Earthquake swarm south of Jan Mayen (Norway). Copyright of this image belongs to Icelandic Met Office.
Due to distance from any seismometer network a lot of smaller earthquakes were not recorded in this earthquake swarm. It also makes it impossible to know for sure if this earthquake swarm is currently ongoing or if it has ended.
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During the night (31-January-2019) a magnitude 3,4 earthquake took place close to Surtsey island (Vestmannaeyjar volcano). According to Icelandic Met Office this is the largest earthquake in this location since 1992.
The earthquake activity close to Surtsey island. Copyright of this image belongs to Icelandic Met Office.
Few minor earthquakes took place at this location after the largest earthquake. Good detection is difficult due to distance from the SIL network and how remote this location is.
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Today (27-January-2019) at 10:01 UTC an earthquake swarm started in Torfajökull volcano, western part of the caldera. Largest earthquake in this swarm had a magnitude of 3,7 and was felt on nearby farms. There are no tourists in this area of Iceland this time of the year (generally).
Earthquake swarm in Torfajökull volcano. Copyright of this image belongs to Icelandic Met Office.
Largest earthquake in last few hours had a magnitude of 2,3. Other earthquakes have been smaller in magnitude. This earthquake swarm is currently ongoing and information might change without warning.
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During the night (26-January-2019) a small earthquake swarm took place in Krýsuvík volcano. Largest earthquake had a magnitude of 3,0. Other earthquakes have been smaller in magnitude.
Earthquake activity in Krýsuvík volcano. Copyright of this image belongs to Icelandic Met Office.
This earthquake swarm seems to be over and only lasted for less than two hours.
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During the week there has been a small earthquake swarm on the Reykjanes ridge, mostly close to the coastline. The first earthquake swarm is closer to the coastline and largest earthquake so far had a magnitude of 3,0 at 14:31 UTC just 7,6 km off Eldey Island (its more of a rock standing up from the ocean). The second earthquake swarm had a magnitude 3,0 earthquake at 04:32 UTC and was 17,5 km away from Geirfugladrangi (also a rock that just stands up from the ocean). All other earthquakes have been smaller in magnitude.
Two earthquake swarms on the Reykjanes ridge. Copyright of this image belongs to Icelandic Met Office.
Both earthquake swarms appear to be ongoing when this article is written.
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